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Church of Cowards: A Wake-Up Call to Complacent Christians

為了解決Would you like to st的問題，作者Walsh, Matt 這樣論述：

What Would You Surrender for God? Christians in the Middle East, in much of Asia, and in Africa are still being martyred for the faith, but how many American Christians are willing to lay down their smartphones, let alone their lives, for the faith? Being a Christian in America doesn’t require much

these days. Suburban megachurches are more like entertainment venues than places to worship God. The lives that American ＂Christians＂ lead aren’t much different from those of their atheist neighbors, and their knowledge of theology isn’t much better either. Matt Walsh of The Daily Wire exposes the

pitiful state of Christianity in America today, lays out the stakes for us, our families, and our eternal salvation, and invites us to a faith that’s a lot less easy and comfortable--but that’s more real and actually worth something. The spiritual junk food we’re stuffing ourselves with is never g

oing to satisfy. As St. Augustine said over a millennium ago, our hearts are restless until they rest in Him. Only God Himself can make our lives anything but ultimately meaningless and empty. And we will never get anywhere near Him if we refuse to take up our cross and follow Jesus. This rousing c

all to the real adventure of a living faith is a wake-up call to complacent Christians and a rallying cry for anyone dissatisfied with a lukewarm faith. Matt Walsh is a nationally recognized writer, podcast host, and speaker. His podcast The Matt Walsh Show enjoys a huge following, and his columns

at The Daily Wire have been read by millions. Matt is known for his controversial and provocative insights into culture, politics, and religion. He lives outside of Baltimore, Maryland, with his wife and four children.

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情緒對外交決策之影響：以韓戰期間的中共與美國為例

為了解決Would you like to st的問題，作者盧俊昇 這樣論述：

近年來隨著腦神經科學的進步，情緒與理性的二分法觀點已受到挑戰與修正。情緒與理性是不可截然兩分的整體機制，這樣的觀點已然衝擊各個研究領域，帶來一波新的「行為革命」浪潮，當然也為國際關係研究帶來了一波「情感轉向」或「情緒轉向」。從2000年開始，陸陸續續有國際關係學者開始倡議重視情感和情緒的研究，基於這樣一個重要觀念轉折的契機，本文嘗試以這波國際關係「情緒轉向」的研究成果，來探討情緒在韓戰的決策過程中扮演一個怎樣的角色。主流國際關係對於戰爭的分析，多半是建立在理性計算的現實主義視角上。理性選擇理論熱衷於把理性和自利的假設，廣泛運用於政治行為的研究中；但個體不可能全盤掌握到最佳可行決策中所需的全部

資訊，顯然人們不是完全的理性，自然也就無法達到經濟學中「效用最大化」的這一目標。換句話說，人是會犯錯的，會受到各種內在與外部因素的影響，進而做出各種不理性的決策，所以情緒也可能是影響決策者的重要因素之一。本論文採質化研究，以論述分析與個案研究做為主要核心研究方法，並透過Todd H. Hall的三種情緒性論述分析(情緒性陳述論述、情緒性挑釁論述與情緒性論述)，來分析韓戰期間美國與中共在決策過程中，是否受到情緒影響而做出不理性的決策。最後本文研究發現，無論是威權國家或是民主國家，其國內政治的激情往往會導致決策者上喪失在實際戰場上的理性判斷。從韓戰中美雙方的分析中可以發現，國家決策者與戰場指揮官的

判斷往往不一致：不論是美軍或是共軍的最終決策者，最終均決定聽從政治的激情而非戰場實際的情況。此可彰顯本文的論點：政治激情往往會凌駕於理性決策之上，進而做出不理性的決策。

If Nietzsche Were a Narwhal: What Animal Intelligence Reveals about Human Stupidity

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你各位萬物之靈，有智慧其實沒什麼了不起！   　　人類或許認為「智慧」是個禮物，對未能擁有這項能力的動物們充滿同情，這本書要說的事情將大大顛覆你的想法──智慧可能是種負擔，而且，動物們完全不需要它，也能過得很讚。   　　而這一切，要從尼采開始講起……。   　　尼采，一生帶有悲劇性色彩的哲學家，他的內在痛苦經常與動物有著難以斬斷的連結。這位飽受煎熬的學者，曾寫下對於動物的觀察，他既羨慕動物的無知，希望自己也能如此，就不必思索存在的意義，卻也可憐動物的無知，因為牠們無法思索存在的意義。   　　然而對動物來說，「不智」反而是非常明智且幸運的安排。如果從演化的角度來觀察，複雜的想法，對於動

物王國裡的任何成員來說，可不是什麼好事。   　　那麼，如果尼采真能體驗一把「不當人」的感覺，就譬如，如果他是隻獨角鯨，會發生什麼事呢？   　　在7個讓人大開眼界的章節中，科學家賈斯汀．葛雷格以幽默的文筆，從動物的角度，審視人類引以為傲的種種智慧展現──語言的使用、理性、道德系統等等，挑戰許多人心中堅定的想法：有智慧，真的讓人類高動物一等嗎？而答案比我們以為的更奇特、也更有趣，這本書將大大改變你看待動物、人類，和生命意義的方式。(文/博客來編譯) ＂A dazzling, delightful read on what animal cognition can teach us about

our own mental shortcomings.＂ - Adam GrantThis funny, ＂extraordinary and thought-provoking＂ (The Wall Street Journal) book asks whether we are in fact the superior species. As it turns out, the truth is stranger--and far more interesting--than we have been led to believe.If Nietzsche Were a Narwhal

overturns everything we thought we knew about human intelligence, and asks the question: would humans be better off as narwhals? Or some other, less brainy species? There’s a good argument to be made that humans might be a less successful animal species precisely because of our amazing, complex int

elligence. All our unique gifts like language, math, and science do not make us happier or more ＂successful＂ (evolutionarily speaking) than other species. Our intelligence allowed us to split the atom, but we’ve harnessed that knowledge to make machines of war. We are uniquely susceptible to bullsh

it (though, cuttlefish may be the best liars in the animal kingdom); our bizarre obsession with lawns has contributed to the growing threat of climate change; we are sexually diverse like many species yet stand apart as homophobic; and discriminate among our own as if its natural, which it certainly

is not. Is our intelligence more of a curse than a gift? As scientist Justin Gregg persuasively argues, there’s an evolutionary reason why human intelligence isn’t more prevalent in the animal kingdom. Simply put, non-human animals don’t need it to be successful. And, miraculously, their success a

rrives without the added baggage of destroying themselves and the planet in the process. In seven mind-bending and hilarious chapters, Gregg highlights one feature seemingly unique to humans--our use of language, our rationality, our moral systems, our so-called sophisticated consciousness--and com

pares it to our animal brethren. Along the way, remarkable tales of animal smarts emerge, as you’ll discover: The house cat who’s better at picking winning stocks than actual fund managers Elephants who love to drink Pigeons who are better than radiologists at spotting cancerous tissue Bumblebee

s who are geniuses at teaching each other soccer What emerges is both demystifying and remarkable, and will change how you look at animals, humans, and the meaning of life itself.

探討YB-1對於肝細胞癌代謝及腫瘤發展之影響

為了解決Would you like to st的問題，作者徐祥祐 這樣論述：

由於在肝細胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)的發展中缺乏特定的生物標記物以及其不明顯的早期症狀，導致肝細胞癌在診斷及治療方面的困難。在全球流行病學調查中，由代謝症候群(metabolic syndrome)所引起的肝細胞癌病例正在逐漸增加。許多研究已明確顯示，癌症發展中的代謝改變，與癌症的一些惡性表現型有很密切的關聯。YB-1 (Y-box binding protein 1)的多功能性已經在許多研究中證實，而在癌症發展中、包括肝細胞癌，YB-1扮演著致癌基因的角色。但YB-1是否會改變肝細胞癌中代謝的模式，則需要進一步的探討及驗證。本論文首先在諸多肝癌細胞株中，依據其

本身YB-1之表現量，分別挑選適當之細胞株，以建立 YB-1表現低下與YB-1過度表現的肝癌細胞株。接著以能量代謝測定實驗，發現在肝癌細胞株Hep3B、SK-Hep-1和PLC/PRF/5中提升YB-1表現時，會導致細胞於氧化磷酸化(OxPhos)中增加ATP的生產及使用；在肝癌細胞株Hep3B、SK-Hep-1以及HuH-7中降低YB-1表現時，則會有相反的結果。而在糖解作用(glycolysis)測定中，高表現YB-1的肝癌細胞株對於糖解作用沒有顯著性的影響，在低表現YB-1的肝癌細胞株中亦是如此，同時利用乳酸分析實驗(lactate production assay)再次驗證由糖解作用測

定中獲得的結果。因此，YB-1係與肝癌細胞的OxPhos代謝途徑改變有所關聯，而非糖解作用。此外，在許多文獻中指出，YB-1可藉由轉錄調控其下游基因的表現。在即時定量聚合酶鏈反應中，發現低YB-1表現量的肝癌細胞株Hep3B中數個氧化磷酸化相關基因的mRNA表現量有上升的趨勢；而在高YB-1表現量的Hep3B中，則沒有太顯著的差異，因此YB-1或許可能藉由其他機制造成肝細胞癌的代謝改變。先前研究顯示，當YB-1的表現量降低時，可抑制癌細胞之癌源幹細胞特性，包括自我更新以及遷移的能力。本論文發現低YB-1表現量確實會導致肝癌細胞Hep3B於自我更新及遷移能力的降低，而根據前述實驗所得到的結果，本

研究發現以氧化磷酸化抑制劑rotenone處理細胞後，則會減弱YB-1低表現量所帶來的效果。綜合前述結果，本論文證實在肝癌細胞中，YB-1會調控肝癌細胞的氧化磷酸化代謝途徑，而且會藉由改變此代謝途徑，進而影響肝細胞癌的發展。