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Peritoneal Tumor Microenvironment of Cancers on Cancer Hallmarks: Perspectives of Translational Medicine

為了解決Cancers的問題，作者 這樣論述：

An Integrated Approach For Uncovering Novel DNA Methylation Biomarkers For Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma

為了解決Cancers的問題，作者VAIBHAV KUMAR SUNKARIA 這樣論述：

Introduction - Lung cancer is one of primal and ubiquitous cause of cancer related fatalities in the world. Leading cause of these fatalities is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a proportion of 85%. The major subtypes of NSCLC are Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and Lung Small Cell Carcinoma (LUS

C). Early-stage surgical detection and removal of tumor offers a favorable prognosis and better survival rates. However, a major portion of 75% subjects have stage III/IV at the time of diagnosis and despite advanced major developments in oncology survival rates remain poor. Carcinogens produce wide

spread DNA methylation changes within cells. These changes are characterized by globally hyper or hypo methylated regions around CpG islands, many of these changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly prevalent across a tumor type.Structure - This research work took advantage of publicly avai

lable methylation profiling resources and relevant comorbidities for lung cancer patients extracted from meta-analysis of scientific review and journal available at PubMed and CNKI search which were combined systematically to explore effective DNA methylation markers for NSCLC. We also tried to iden

tify common CpG loci between Caucasian, Black and Asian racial groups for identifying ubiquitous candidate genes thoroughly. Statistical analysis and GO ontology were also conducted to explore associated novel biomarkers. These novel findings could facilitate design of accurate diagnostic panel for

practical clinical relevance.Methodology - DNA methylation profiles were extracted from TCGA for 418 LUAD and 370 LUSC tissue samples from patients compared with 32 and 42 non-malignant ones respectively. Standard pipeline was conducted to discover significant differentially methylated sites as prim

ary biomarkers. Secondary biomarkers were extracted by incorporating genes associated with comorbidities from meta-analysis of research articles. Concordant candidates were utilized for NSCLC relevant biomarker candidates. Gene ontology annotations were used to calculate gene-pair distance matrix fo

r all candidate biomarkers. Clustering algorithms were utilized to categorize candidate genes into different functional groups using the gene distance matrix. There were 35 CpG loci identified by comparing TCGA training cohort with GEO testing cohort from these functional groups, and 4 gene-based pa

nel was devised after finding highly discriminatory diagnostic panel through combinatorial validation of each functional cluster.Results – To evaluate the gene panel for NSCLC, the methylation levels of SCT(Secritin), FOXD3(Forkhead Box D3), TRIM58(Tripartite Motif Containing 58) and TAC1(Tachikinin

1) were tested. Individually each gene showed significant methylation difference between LUAD and LUSC training cohort. Combined 4-gene panel AUC, sensitivity/specificity were evaluated with 0.9596, 90.43%/100% in LUAD; 0.949, 86.95%/98.21% in LUSC TCGA training cohort; 0.94, 85.92%/97.37 in GEO 66

836; 0.91,89.17%/100% in GEO 83842 smokers; 0.948, 91.67%/100% in GEO83842 non-smokers independent testing cohort. Our study validates SCT, FOXD3, TRIM58 and TAC1 based gene panel has great potential in early recognition of NSCLC undetermined lung nodules. The findings can yield universally accurate

and robust markers facilitating early diagnosis and rapid severity examination.

Nanotechnology Theranostics in Livestock Diseases and Management

為了解決Cancers的問題，作者 這樣論述：

Dr. Minakshi is a Professor in the Department of Animal Biotechnology, LLR University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (LUVAS), India. Her research interest is in Bioinformatics and Biotechnology with specialization in viruses; molecular characterization, diagnosis and vaccine design, study of geno

me analysis and diversity among viruses. She has been conferred with various prestigious awards notably, International Lifetime Achievement Award 2019 by PISRF(I) in Thailand; International Research Ratna Award, Malaysia. She has more than 20 years of teaching and research experience in Microbiology

and Biotechnology, Molecular Diagnosis, Forensics, Vaccinology, Comparative Genomics, Bioinformatics. She has also published more than 70 research articles in the peer-reviewed international journal and authored or co-authored books and book chapters. She is a member of many international scientifi

c societies and organizations importantly, the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, India; the National Academy of Veterinary Sciences, International Academy of Biosciences, UK.Dr. Rajesh Kumaris working as Scientist in the Department of Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Lala Lajpat Rai

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India. Earlier, he was engaged as an Assistant Professor, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Science University, Kerala, India. His research interest is in Reproductive Physiology, Environmental Physiology, Proteomics and Metabolomics, Nanotech

nology, Antioxidant and Redox Biology. Dr. Kumar has to his credit a patent for the development of diagnosis method of anoestrous animals which have genetic linkage. He has been awarded with several prestigious fellowships and worked as referee for several prestigious International journals. He has

authored or co-authored over 40 research articles in the peer-reviewed international journals, several books and book chapters. He is a member of different national and international scientific societies and organizations.Dr. Mayukh Ghosh is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Veterinary Phy

siology and Biochemistry, RGSC, Banaras Hindu University, UP, India. His research interest is in Proteomics and Metabolomics, Nanotechnology, Reproduction, Molecular Parasitology, Antioxidant and Redox Biology. He has authored or co-authored more than 30 research articles in the peer-reviewed intern

ational journals and several books and book chapters. He is a member of several national and international scientific societies and organizations.Dr Shafiq Syed is currently a Lecturer at the University of Newcastle. His research work is focused on defining the molecular pathways involved in the pat

hogenesis of gynaecological cancers, for which he has developed several models including cancer patient-derived-xenograft and -organoid models, and genetically modified mouse-models of cancer progression and metastasis. He has published more than 30 research articles and book chapters. He is a membe

r of the Hunter Cancer Research Alliance (HCRA) and Australian Society of Reproductive Biology.Dr. Soumendu Chakravarti is a Scientist (Sr. Scale) in ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India and has more than 12 years of research and teaching experience in Molecular Virology. He h

as been awarded ICAR International Fellowship and is currently on deputation as a Visiting Scientist, The Pirbright Institute, UK. He is currently working on a project to identify host-restriction factors mediated by Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in virus infections and factors governing specie

s-specific host restriction against viral diseases at the Pirbright Institute. He has published more than 50 research and review articles in peer-reviewed journals. He is a reviewer of several peer reviewed journals and is Life member of several scientific societies such as Society of General Microb

iology (UK), Indian Science Congress Association, Indian Society for Veterinary Immunology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Council of India. ​