Testimonies of Enslavement: Sources on Slavery from the Indian Ocean World
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為了解決Ocean World 的問題,作者Van Rossum, Matthias 這樣論述:
Drawing on the rich archives of the Court of Justice of Cochin, a main settlement of the Dutch East India Company, this book presents ten court cases that deal with themes of enslavement and ’enslavebility’. Offering detailed insights into interrogations and testimonies, they paint a unique picture
of the complex historical realities in which processes of enslavement and relations of slavery were shaped. Each original Dutch transcript is followed by an English translation, shedding light on the interactions between local systems of bondage and global systems of commodified slavery, and providi
ng a new perspective on the global history of slavery.Analysing slavery in the Indian Ocean and South Asia, these case studies examine the dynamics of bondage, caste and social control, while offering a counterpoint to the traditional focus on Atlantic slavery.
Matthias van Rossum is Senior Resear
cher at the International Institute of Social History, The Netherlands. His main areas of interest are Global Labour History with a focus on maritime labour history, coercion in labour relations and the dynamics of labour conflicts and social relations. Matthias has published extensively on the Dutc
h maritime history, the history of sailors and maritime labour markets in Asia, the history of globalisation, slavery and the slave trade.
三相電磁噴流之研究
為了解決Ocean World 的問題,作者鄭力瑋 這樣論述:
摘要電磁噴流是一種運用磁流體力學(Magnetohydrodynamics, MHD)之概念,當給予電極板電能與固定磁場時,便可產生勞倫茲力,藉此推動導電流體。其優點在於致動原理簡易,且不需要依靠複雜的機械結構,便可實現推送之效果。常見的應用在微尺度之微動幫浦與大型船體無槳式推進器上,以往許多研究都著重在電場與磁場之設計與幾何構型的最佳化,而本研究透過實驗探討在電磁噴流中,電極板附帶產生電化學反應而生成氣泡所構成之多相噴流場。並藉由染劑與氣泡之方式發展一流場可視化之方法。本研究透過計算染劑之汙染面積並與數值模擬結果進行比較,發現在低電流時之預測流量結果較為相近。並定義一無因次參數為勞倫茲力雷
諾數(Re_L),用以描述電磁噴流之流場型態,實驗結果透過定性觀察當勞倫茲力雷諾數(Re_L)大於1600時,噴流型態會發展成紊流的型式。透過無因次分析結果也顯示其噴流擴散角(θ)與氣泡佔比(Ag)有隨Re_L數增加而有上升之趨勢,且在Re_L數大於1600後,因流場型態轉變,擴散角與氣泡佔比也有明顯上升之現象。在最後討論使用鋁電極板對於電磁噴流之影響。
Our Ocean World Color by Numbers
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為了解決Ocean World 的問題,作者Woodroffe, David 這樣論述:
David Woodroffe is an experienced freelance illustrator and paper engineer living in the United Kingdom who has contributed artwork to a wide range of media companies over the past 30 years, from magazine and book publishers to advertising agencies.
海洋酸化對點帶石斑仔稚魚鈣離子運輸以及骨骼鈣化作用的影響
為了解決Ocean World 的問題,作者黃辰宏 這樣論述:
根據政府間氣候變化專門委員會(IPCC)的預測,在本世紀末,二氧化碳濃度將提升至500~900 µatm,海水的酸鹼值則下降至7.9~7.7。海洋酸化會造成海水中碳酸鈣(CaCO3)飽和濃度升高,不利碳酸鈣在海水當中產生固態沉澱,並影響貝類以及珊瑚外骨骼的形成。此外,水體酸化可能會影響硬骨魚類的離子調節與發育生長,但並不清楚水體酸化是如何影響海洋硬骨魚類鈣離子的調節恆定性。本實驗比較飼養於正常的海水(pH 8.1)及不同酸化程度的海水(pH 7.8 與 pH 7.4)中40日齡點帶石斑仔稚魚,鈣離子運輸蛋白以及骨骼鈣質代謝相關基因在發育過程中的表現量變化。整體而言,實驗發現在酸化的環境之下仔
稚魚的成長與骨骼鈣離子累積並不會受到影響。然而,根據仔稚魚的離子調節、骨骼形成與鈣離子累積等數據的主成分分析卻顯示,水體酸化會影響整體的離子調節能力發展,以及可能輕微地影響對骨骼鈣離子沉積與再吸收。但是,若是以單一因子或以線性回歸進行分析與比較,則難以界定酸化對任何一組離子調控相關基因,例如細胞基底膜的鈣離子幫浦(pmca)、上皮鈣離子通道(ecac)以及運輸能量來源的鈉鉀離子幫浦基因的直接影響。此外,與骨骼鈣質沉積相關的成骨細胞(bglap)及破骨細胞(ctsk and trap)在海水酸化得情況下也並無獨立的顯著差異。實驗雖然表明在高二氧化碳的水體中,pH下降可能造成仔稚魚離子調節、骨骼形
成與鈣離子累積等因子的相互作用,而導致整體的生理差異。本研究亦顯示,點帶石斑魚仔稚魚的生長對高度酸化條件並不敏感,但此研究不能排除未來海洋酸化對沿海海水中的水產養殖業和野生種群影響的可能性。以目前而言,在海洋酸化的情況之下,硬骨魚的離子調節與鈣離子平衡的調節機制尚不明朗,須待更多研究證明。