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利用流變分析及 AI 智能影像辨識評估油凝膠添 加於代可可脂對 3D 列印產品品質之影響

為了解決SFF case的問題，作者黃浩然 這樣論述：

3D 列印技術具有客製化的能力以滿足消費者的需求，而在食品領域中能夠提供消費者特殊口感以及客製化營養之產品需求，要達到上述條件必須對於 3D列印材料特性有足夠的了解，目前對於評估合適 3D 列印材料研究方面，已經建立對於冷擠出材料透過流變分析的評估方式，然而在熱擠出方式也是 3D 列印材料中很重要的塑型方式，但是卻缺乏相關的研究對於材料性質之探討，因此本研究擬使用黑、白巧克力作為熱擠出的評估材料並添加油凝膠脂肪酸甘油酯（monoglyceride, MAG）、脂肪酸蔗糖酯（sucrose fatty acid ester, SE）、羥丙基甲基纖維素 （hydroxypropyl methyl

cellulose, HPMC）並分別添加 1, 2, 3 wt %於黑、白巧克力進行 3D 列印，分別進行熱分析、流變分析、架橋實驗、參數分析、質構分析以及利用 AI 智能影像辨識系統，進行 3D 列印成品品質以及形狀分析。實驗結果顯示在熱分析方面以添加 MAG 以及 SE 的組別隨著添加量於巧克力的量增加，其玻璃轉化溫度有上升的現象；在流變分析方面當黏性恢復低於 80%時，巧克力印製結果上可以具有較好的擠出凝固特性；在架橋實驗結果顯示，不論是黑或白巧克力均以 MAG 和 SE 的添加濃度到 2 wt %時可以使架橋距離達到 10 mm，而以 HPMC 的組別無法增加未添加組別之架橋距離；列

印參數方面綜合評估黑白巧克力，其合適列印參數為列印速度 8 mm、 層高 2 mm、噴頭高度 3 mm，可以印製出完整度在 90%以上的空心方柱；在質地分析方面以 MAG 與 SE 添加於白巧克力之組別以 SE 之硬度顯著性比 MAG 高（p

Updating Insecticide Resistance Status of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

為了解決SFF case的問題，作者RAMDAN ZULFA 這樣論述：

Mosquito-borne disease cause severe illness and is a health concern worldwide. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes are two important vectors that transmit several major mosquito-borne diseases including dengue, chikungunya, and zika. Currently, no effective treatment or vaccines to combat

these pathogens are under development. In addition to environmental management, insecticide spray is an important approach to controlling vector abundance and disease transmission. However, this insecticide is facing overuse problems, which causes insecticide resistance and requires monitoring care

fully. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of insecticide resistance in Asia from 2000 to 2021. Four databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EbscoHost, and Embase, were used to enhance the search capability. The random effect model was applied in the 94 studies that met our inclusion cri

teria for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. In this study, four major insecticide types were analyzed (malathion, DDT, permethrin, and deltamethrin). DDT was recorded as the most prevalent insecticides types for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, at 68%, and 64% respectively. Malathion resi

stance is less prevalent in Ae. aegypti (3%) and Deltamethrin resistance less prevalence in Ae. albopictus (2%). Ae. aegypti demonstrated steady high resistance (35%) throughout the study period. Insecticide resistance for Ae. albopictus increased from 5% to 12%. F1534C, V1016G, and S989P are the ma

in kdr mutations for Ae. aegypti resistance in Asia, with prevalences of 29%, 26%, and 22% respectively. The distribution of insecticide resistance occurrence in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are widespread in Asia region and vary by country. Continuous monitoring of resistance status and modi

fy control strategies will help prevent unexpected outbreaks. This systematic review and meta-analysis also provided current information on insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Asian countries.