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Flavors of the Maghreb: Authentic Recipes from the Land Where the Sun Sets (North Africa and Southern Italy)

為了解決Mediterranean Sea的問題，作者 這樣論述：

The Arabic word Maghreb means ＂land where the sun sets.＂ The Maghreb is a multicultural Mediterranean region of North Africa which includes Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Mauritania, and Libya. It is bordered by the beautiful Mediterranean Sea, and in ancient times, the Maghreb included Spain, Sicily

, and Malta. The history of this region is completely different from that of the rest of Africa, and today’s cuisine reflects those differences. It’s an inviting cuisine, made with fresh local and seasonal ingredients, that carries a diversity of flavors and time-honored traditions to the Maghreb ta

ble.Before the Arab conquest, the Phoenicians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, and later the Italians and French, colonized the Maghreb. Each new culture that entered the region left unique influences and together they created a multicultural cuisine using aromatic spices, fresh herbs, citrus, dried fru

its, nuts, fresh fish, lamb, chicken, pasta, rice, and copious fresh vegetables. Ancient civilizations such as Phoenicians and Romans spread the cultivation of wheat. The Moors brought citrus and olives from Spain. The Berbers gave birth to couscous. Fennel, peas, and artichokes arrived with the Ita

lian settlement, and the baguette, salad Niçoise, and mayonnaise were brought by the French when they colonized the area. Thus, the food of Maghreb became a mélange of Sicilian, French, Spanish, Arabic, and Berber cuisine.This unique cookbook brings the colorful, aromatic foods of the Maghreb region

to readers through over 100 authentic recipes. Chapters cover a range of options: Appetizers, Soups, Sides, Vegetables, Main Courses, Condiments, and Desserts. Also included are helpful chapters on the pantry essentials, herbs and spices that give Maghreb foods their distinct appeal.Sample recipes:

Crostini with Dill and PecorinoSpicy Cauliflower MinestraCouscous for Festive Occasions (Seffa)Lamb Chops in Dried Fig SauceBaked Whole Bass with ChermoulaShrimp Speidini with Golden Breadcrumbs and PistachiosRustic Pizza Stuffed with Red Onions, Pine Nuts, and Golden RaisinsBroccoli AffogatiMarzip

an-Stuffed Dates

Mediterranean Sea進入發燒排行的影片

台灣東北部海域廣東長吻鰩與尖棘甕鰩攝食生態研究

為了解決Mediterranean Sea的問題，作者呂泰君 這樣論述：

鰩類族群豐度高且分佈範圍廣，其營養位階幾乎涵蓋海洋食物鏈的中上層，透過食性研究最能深入了解鰩類在海洋生態系中與其他物種的相互關系。本研究針對宜蘭大溪漁港拖網漁船於龜山島海域附近捕獲之廣東長吻鰩（Dipturus kwangtungensis）及尖棘甕鰩（Okamejei acutispina）進行胃內容物分析。本研究自2018年4月至2019年10月間共採集到廣東長吻鰩361尾（雄魚177尾，雌魚184尾）及尖棘甕鰩135尾（雄魚66尾，雌魚69尾）。兩種鰩之餌料生物累積曲線隨樣本數的增加呈現平緩的趨勢，代表本研究樣本數足以描述其攝食生態。研究結果顯示廣東長吻鰩主要餌料為甲殼類，餌料生物重要

性指數百分比（%RI）以無法鑑定的蝦類（unidentified shrimp）為最高（%RI = 45.34），其次為對蝦總科（Penaeoidea）（%RI = 16.56）以及細螯蝦屬（Leptochela spp.）（%RI = 13.60%）。餌料生物多樣性隨個體體長增加而上升，但空胃率僅於季節間有差異，雄、雌魚攝食組成高度重疊，體長組別間以小型個體與中型個體重疊度為最高，而小型個體與大型個體為最低，顯示廣東長吻鰩會隨成長改變攝食對象。尖棘甕鰩餌料重要性指數以無法鑑定的硬骨魚佔比例最高（%RI = 42.52），其次為無法鑑定的蝦（%RI = 25.06）及對蝦總科（%RI = 20

.77）；餌料生物多樣性隨個體體長增加而上升，空胃率於性別間及季節間皆有差異。雄、雌魚攝食為高度重疊，體長組別間以中型個體與大型個體重疊度最高，顯示尖棘甕鰩亦會隨成長改變餌料生物。兩種鰩的攝食寬度經標準化後分別為0.03及0.05，皆為專一攝食物種；但由有效餌料生物數量（H'）計算顯示其棲地餌料生物種類多且豐度極高，兩種鰩應為隨餌料生物豐度及優勢程度改變攝食特性之種類。

Keeping the Peace: Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 251 During the Cold War 1946-1991

為了解決Mediterranean Sea的問題，作者Dixon, Steven K. 這樣論述：

The Thunderbolts of VMFA-251 were reactivated as a Marine Air Reserve squadron in 1946. Their Cold War only included a few weeks of traditional combat operations--in Korea--but they would undertake constant training exercises and deployments from 1946 to 1991 as they prepared for a potential war

against the USSR or China, the two giants of Communism. From South Korea to Norway to Turkey and points in between, the Thunderbolts found themselves defending the free world and living up to their motto, Custos Caelorum.Following the end of the Korean War, the squadron remained in the Far East unti

l 1956. Back in the States it began flying the FJ-3 Fury, a jet fighter, before converting to its first supersonic fighter, the F-8U ＂Crusader.＂ In early 1962, it was the first Marine F-8 squadron to deploy aboard an aircraft carrier, as part of CVW-10 (Carrier Air Wing) aboard the USS Shangri-La. D

uring deployment in the Mediterranean Sea, the squadron set a record for the most flight time in one month for a Sixth Fleet-based F-8 squadron by flying over 500 hours. In 1964, the Thunderbolts were the first Marine squadron in 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing to transition to the F-4B ＂Phantom II,＂ which

they would fly for 21 years and 80,000 flight hours, until transitioning to the F/A-18 ＂Hornet＂ in 1987.These deployments and exercises, while not ＂at war,＂ were not without dangers. The Thunderbolts lost many personnel and aircraft, but they persevered as the armed forces of freedom-loving nations

faced the ongoing threat of communism for over four decades. Compiled from archive records and interviews by a veteran of VMFA-251, this account narrates how the Thunderbolts worked hard to maintain the peace. They were indeed Custodians of the Sky.

臺灣民眾攝食養殖文蛤之安全風險與健康效益評估

為了解決Mediterranean Sea的問題，作者黃桂霞 這樣論述：

文蛤是國人經常食用的水產品，具有保肝、抗氧化、抗癌及降膽固醇等機能，但養殖環境之重金屬會蓄積於文蛤體中，並依其暴露濃度及暴露族群可能對攝食民眾造成不同程度之危害，因此民眾茫然於食用文蛤是利是弊?本研究採集彰化縣、雲林縣與臺南市之養殖文蛤生樣品24件、熟樣品25件，分別以感應耦合電漿質譜法分析其鎘、鉻、銅、鉛、鐵、錳、硒與鋅之濃度，以高效液相層析再以感應耦合電漿質譜法分析其無機砷與甲基汞之濃度，結合風險評估模式、國家攝食資料庫、美國國家環境保護局與美國加州環境保護局等相關數據，推估國人各年齡層攝取養殖文蛤之食品安全風險。結果顯示，熟文蛤之無機砷平均濃度 (0.609 mg/kg) 高於衛生福利

部食品藥物管理署訂定之食品中污染物質及毒素衛生標準限量標準 (0.5 mg/kg)。整體而言，各年齡層族群攝入文蛤中無機砷所造成之非致癌風險高於其他重金屬，以0-3歲與3-6歲族群為例，攝入熟文蛤中無機砷之危害商數分別為 1.29 與 1.13，可能對人體造成色素沉著症與角化症。此外，本研究亦評估各年齡層族群攝入文蛤中無機砷與鉛之致癌風險，其中無機砷對人體造成之致癌風險大於鉛，0-3歲攝入熟文蛤中無機砷之致癌風險為5.79×10-4，長期食用可能會造成罹患皮膚癌之風險。另一方面將文蛤樣品以0.05% 蛋白酶於37C水解12小時製備水解物 (Hard clam hydrolysate, HCH

)。體外試驗顯示35 mg/mL HCH具抗氧化活性，其清除DPPH能力相當於 117.49 μM Trolox、螯合亞鐵離子能力相當於 95.62 μg/mL EDTA、還原力相當於 97.26 μg/mL Vitamin C。2.19 μg/mL HCH之 α-amylase抑制率為21.75%，但不具α-glucosidase抑制活性。人類腸道Caco-2 細胞以2.19 μg/mL HCH 處理具抑制sucrase 活性 ，相當於 62.5 μg/mL Acarbose。人類肝臟HepG2細胞以HCH處理無法促進葡萄糖攝入，但2.19與17.50 µg/mL HCH可延緩油酸誘導之脂質

蓄積。綜上，除了0-3歲與3-6歲族群攝入熟文蛤中無機砷外，各年齡層攝入文蛤中重金屬之危害商數皆小於1，為可接受風險；各年齡層族群攝入文蛤中無機砷與鉛之致癌風險，皆為不可接受風險。然而，文蛤蛋白水解物具抗氧化、降血糖及延緩非酒精性脂肪肝等活性，建議各年齡層族群適量攝取，每人每週可攝入熟文蛤量，0-3歲、3-6歲、6-12歲、12-16歲、16-18歲、19-65歲、65歲以上分別為 0.95、1.51、2.77、4.22、4.61、4.94及4.66 g/週。本研究成果可提供各年齡層攝取臺灣養殖文蛤之每週建議攝取量、呈現該食用量養殖文蛤潛在之人體健康效益。